Which of the following represents 'extra processing' as a type of waste?

The concept of 'extra processing' refers to unnecessary work that does not add value to a product or service. This waste often manifests itself through redundant tasks or additional steps in a process that could be simplified or eliminated entirely. When a team performs redundant tasks, it essentially means that they are investing time and resources into activities that don't contribute to the final output, leading to inefficiencies.

In contrast, other types of waste mentioned focus on different aspects of inefficiency. Delays due to waiting for approval represent waiting waste, as time is lost in the process without any productive work being done. Transporting materials multiple times relates to excess motion or transportation waste, where movement doesn't add value to the product. Overproducing items beyond need is a form of overproduction waste, indicating that more products are being made than can be sold or utilized, leading to excessive inventory. Each of these types of waste represents a different challenge within a process, but 'extra processing' is specifically recognized through redundant tasks.